THE DESERT SONG, composed by Sigmund Romberg was the first all-talking film musical based on a Broadway show. The film opened in 1929, and was not successful despite it being a huge success on Broadway. It was filmed again in 1943 and in 1953 (plus a TV version in 1955).
Later in October, 1929, the film RIO RITA opened and became the first hit film musical based on a Broadway production. The musical was the film adaptation of Ziegfeld's smash Broadway hit which opened the Ziefeld Theatre in Feburary 1927. RIO RITA was filmed again in 1942, starring Katherine Grayson, and Abbott & Costello.