| Drama Desk Awards | Best Direction | Jose Quintero | The Iceman Cometh1955-56 season |
| Drama Desk Awards | Best Performance | Pernell Roberts | Macbeth1955-56 season |
| Drama Desk Awards | Best Performance | Janine Manatis | Village Wooing1955-56 season |
| Drama Desk Awards | Best Production | | The Iceman Cometh1955-56 season |
| Drama League Awards | Distinguished Performance Award | David Wayne | |
| Evening Standard Theatre Awards | Best Actor | Paul Scofield | The Power and the Glory |
| Evening Standard Theatre Awards | Best Play | Peter Ustinov | Romanoff and Juliet |
| Evening Standard Theatre Awards | Charles Wintour Award for Most Promising Playwright | John Osborne | Look Back In Anger |
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| Evening Standard Theatre Awards | Natasha Richardson Award for Best Actress | Peggy Ashcroft | The Chalk Garden |
| Evening Standard Theatre Awards | Ned Sherrin Award for Best Musical | | Cranks |
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| New York Drama Critics Circle Awards | Best American Play | Frances Goodrich, Albert Hackett | The Diary of Anne Frank1955-1956 Season |
| New York Drama Critics Circle Awards | Best Foreign Play | Jean Giraudoux, Christopher Fry | Tiger at the Gates1955-1956 Season |
| New York Drama Critics Circle Awards | Best Musical | Alan Jay Lerner, Frederick Loewe | My Fair Lady1955-1956 season |
| Outer Critics Circle Awards | Best Drama Performance | Anthony Franciosa | A Hatful of Rain1955-56 season |
| Outer Critics Circle Awards | Best Play | | The Diary of Anne Frank1955-56 season |
| Outer Critics Circle Awards | Special Citation | Alice Pearce | Fallen Angels1955-56 season |
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| Outer Critics Circle Awards | Special Citation | Peter Larkin | No Time for Sergeants1955-56 season |
| Pulitzer Prize for Drama | The Pulitzer Prize for Drama | Albert Hackett, Frances Goodrich | Diary of Anne Frank |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Anthony Franciosa | A Hatful of RainSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | David Hedison | A Month in the CountrySeason 1955–1956 |
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| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Dick Davalos | A View From the BridgeSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Laurence Harvey | Island of GoatsSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Earle Hyman, Gaby Rodgers | Mister JohnsonSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | John Michael King | My Fair LadySeason 1955–1956 |
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| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Andy Griffith | No Time for SergeantsSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Fritz Weaver | The Chalk GardenSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Susan Strasberg | The Diary of Anne FrankSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Susan Johnson | The Most Happy FellaSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Sarah Marshall | The Ponder HeartSeason 1955–1956 |
| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Diane Cilento | Tiger at the GatesSeason 1955–1956 |
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| Theatre World Awards | Performance | Jayne Mansfield | Will Success Spoil Rock Hunter?Season 1955–1956 |
| Tony Awards | Best Choreography | Bob Fosse | Damn Yankees |
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| Tony Awards | Best Choreography | Boris Runanin | Phoenix '55 |
| Tony Awards | Best Choreography | Boris Runanin | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Choreography | Anna Sokolow | Red Roses for Me |
| Tony Awards | Best Choreography | Robert Alton | The Vamp |
| Tony Awards | Best Conductor and Musical Director | Hal Hastings | Damn Yankees |
| Tony Awards | Best Conductor and Musical Director | Salvatore Dell'Isola | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Conductor and Musical Director | Milton Rosenstock | The Vamp |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Helene Pons | A View from the Bridge |
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| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Helene Pons | Heavenly Twins |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Alvin Colt | Phoenix '55 |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Alvin Colt | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Helene Pons | The Diary of Anne Frank |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Mainbocher | The Great Sebastians |
| Tony Awards | Best Costume Design | Alvin Colt | The Lark |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Tyrone Guthrie | Tamburlaine the Great |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Harold Clurman | Bus Stop |
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| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Elia Kazan | Cat on a Hot Tin Roof |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Herman Shumlin | Inherit the Wind |
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| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Harold Clurman | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Albert Marre | The Chalk Garden |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Garson Kanin | The Diary of Anne Frank |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Joseph Anthony | The Lark |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Tyrone Guthrie | The Matchmaker |
| Tony Awards | Best Direction | Harold Clurman | Tiger at the Gates |
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| Tony Awards | Best Musical | Frederick Brisson, Robert Griffith, Harold S. Prince, Albert B. Taylor, Jerry Ross, George Abbott, Douglass Wallop, Richard Adler | Damn Yankees |
| Tony Awards | Best Musical | Oscar Hammerstein II, Richard Rodgers | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play | Anthony Franciosa | A Hatful of Rain |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play | Ed Begley | Inherit the WindProduction took place the previous year |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play | Andy Griffith | No Time for Sergeants |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play | Anthony Quayle | Tamburlaine the Great |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Featured Role in a Play | Fritz Weaver | The Chalk GardenProduction took place the previous year |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical | Russ Brown, Ray Walston | Damn Yankees |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical | Stephen Douglass | Damn Yankees |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical | Will Mahoney | Finian's Rainbow |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical | William Johnson, Mike Kellin | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical | Scott Merrill | The Threepenny Opera |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play | Ben Gazzara | A Hatful of Rain |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play | Paul Muni | Inherit the WindProduction took place previous year |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play | Edward G. Robinson | Middle of the Night |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play | Boris Karloff | The Lark |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play | Michael Redgrave | Tiger at the Gates |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Musical | Pat Carroll | Catch a Star |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Musical | Rae Allen | Damn Yankees |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Musical | Judy Tyler | Pipe Dream |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Musical | Lotte Lenya | The Threepenny Opera |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Play | Elaine Stritch | Bus Stop |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Play | Anne Jackson | Middle of the Night |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Play | Una Merkel | The Ponder Heart |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Featured Role in a Play | Diane Cilento | Tiger at the Gates |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | Gwen Verdon | Damn Yankees |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | Nancy Walker | Phoenix '55 |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Musical | Carol Channing | The Vamp |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play | Barbara Bel Geddes | Cat on a Hot Tin RoofProduction took place the previous year |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play | Gladys Cooper, Siobhan McKenna | The Chalk Garden |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play | Susan Strasberg | The Diary of Anne Frank |
| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play | Julie Harris | The Lark |
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| Tony Awards | Best Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role in a Play | Ruth Gordon | The Matchmaker |
| Tony Awards | Best Play | William Inge, Robert Whitehead, Roger L. Stevens | Bus StopProduced by Robert Whitehead and Roger L. Stevens. |
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| Tony Awards | Best Play | Tennessee Williams, The Playwrights' Company | Cat on a Hot Tin RoofProduced by The Playwrights' Company |
| Tony Awards | Best Play | Irene Mayer Selznick, Enid Bagnold | The Chalk Garden |
| Tony Awards | Best Play | Kermit Bloomgarden, Albert Hackett, Frances Goodrich | The Diary of Anne Frank |
| Tony Awards | Best Play | Christopher Fry, Henry M. Margolis, The Playwrights' Company, Robert L. Joseph | Tiger at the Gates |
| Tony Awards | Best Play | Jean Giraudoux | Tiger at the GatesAdapted by Christopher Fry. Produced by Robert L. Joseph, The Playwrights' Company, and Henry M. Margolis. |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Ben Edwards | Someone Waiting |
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| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Boris Aronson | A View from the Bridge |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Boris Aronson | Bus Stop |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Jo Mielziner | Cat on a Hot Tin Roof |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Peter Larkin | Inherit the Wind |
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| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Jo Mielziner | Middle of the Night |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Peter Larkin | No Time for Sergeants |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Boris Aronson | Once Upon a Tailor |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Boris Aronson | The Diary of Anne Frank |
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| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Raymond Sovey | The Great Sebastians |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Ben Edwards | The Honeys |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Jo Mielziner | The Lark |
| Tony Awards | Best Scenic Design | Ben Edwards | The Ponder Heart |
| Tony Awards | Best Stage Technician | Larry Bland | The Ponder Heart |
| Tony Awards | Best Stage Technician | Harry Green | Damn Yankees |
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| Tony Awards | Best Stage Technician | Harry Green | Middle of the Night |
| Tony Awards | Best Stage Technician | Larry Bland | Middle of the Night |
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| Tony Awards | Best Stage Technician | Larry Bland | Porgy and Bess |
| Tony Awards | Special Tony Award | City Center, The Theatre Collection of the N.Y. Public Library, Fourth Street Chekov Theatre, The Shakespearewrights | |
| Tony Awards | Special Tony Award | Carmen Capalbo | The Threepenny Opera |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Actor | Jason Robards, Jr. | The Iceman Cometh |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Actor | George Voskovec | Uncle Vanya |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Actress | Julie Bovasso | The Maids |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best All-Around Production | | Uncle Vanya |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Director | Jose Quintero | The Iceman Cometh |
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| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best New Musical | | The Threepenny Opera |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best New Play | Lionel Abel | Absalom, Absalom |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Gerald Hiken | The Cherry Orchard |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Supporting Actor | Gerald Hiken | Uncle Vanya |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Peggy McCay | Uncle Vanya |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actor) | Roberts Blossom | A Village Wooing |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actor) | Addison Powell | The Iceman Cometh |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actor) | Alan Ansara | The Private Life of the Master Race |
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| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actress) | Frances Sternhagen | The Admirable Bashville |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actress) | Nancy Wickwire | The Cherry Orchard |
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| Village Voice Obie Awards | Distinguished Performance (Actress) | Shirlee Emmons | The Mother of Us All |
| Village Voice Obie Awards | Special Citation | Phoenix Theatre, The Shakespearean Workshop Theatre, Tempo Playhouse | |
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